Since structural
Competitiveness crisis
European firms invest less in R&D, scale slower and pay more for energy and capital than their American peers. The Draghi report put a number on closing that gap; not closing it has a number too, and it is paid in wages that grow slower than they could.
Accrued this year
€349,989,469,448
€12,929 /sec
Per citizen
€779.49
€909 per year
Per household
€1,776.60
€2,071 per year
Cost timeline
Modelled yearly cost across the EU, 2015–2026.
Figures are EU-wide and divided equally across 449 million residents.
Cost per worker by EU country
Model: EU-wide bill split by contribution key (GNI share; Netherlands 6.2%), divided by the labour force. Indicative.
Lower · €804€4,709 · Higher
Direct costs
€165.0 bn/yrMoney that leaves a public budget or an invoice.
- Public R&D and innovation shortfall vs. target€90.0 bn
- Digital and grid infrastructure investment gap€75.0 bn
Indirect costs
€243.0 bn/yrPrices, productivity and welfare effects citizens absorb.
- Foregone GDP from the productivity gap€180.0 bn
- Capital and talent leaving for the US€35.0 bn
- Regulatory compliance burden on SMEs€28.0 bn